Tire Load Range
Tire load range is a classification system that indicates the relative strength and load-carrying capacity of a tire based on its construction. This system is especially important for vehicles that carry heavy loads, such as trucks, trailers, and certain recreational vehicles.
What is Tire Load Range
The tire load range, formerly known as ply rating, indicates how much air a tire can hold and how much weight it can carry. It is a critical factor in ensuring that your vehicle's tires are suitable for its load-carrying requirements. Originally, the term was derived from the number of layers of cotton (ply) used in the tire's construction. However, with modern advancements, the number of plies no longer corresponds directly to the tire's capacity, but the classification remains as an indication of strength. The load range is typically indicated by a letter (such as B, C, D, E, F, etc.). These letters correspond to a specific maximum load the tire can support at a specified tire pressure. Tires with a higher load range can carry heavier loads.
Why is Tire Load Range Important
The load range is crucial for safety and performance, especially for vehicles that need to carry heavy loads or tow trailers. Using a tire with an insufficient load range can lead to tire failure, which can be dangerous. Tires with the correct load range is vital for vehicle safety and performance, providing optimal handling and ride quality. Proper load range ensures even wear and prolongs tire life. Tires with a load range that is too low for the vehicle's weight or the weight it carries can lead to tire failure. Conversely, tires with a load range that is higher than necessary can result in a harsher ride.
When replacing your tires, make sure new ones have the same load range or higher to adequately support your vehicle's weight.
How to Find Tire Load Range
The easiest way to find the tire load range is to look at the tire sidewall. Near the tire size information, you will find a letter (or letters) that indicate the tire load range. For passenger tires, it could be XL or RF, while flotation and light truck tires will have letters B, C, D, etc. For example, in a tire size 275/55R16/E, letter E indicates the load range. You might also see a print like Load Range C as seen on the picture below.
The correct tire load range for a vehicle depends on its weight and the load it carries. Your vehicle owners manual will typically provide recommendations for the appropriate tire load range based on your vehicle's specifications and typical use. This is particularly important if you are replacing tires or considering tires different from the original equipment. Also, it is always a good idea to consult with tire professionals when selecting tires to ensure the load range is appropriate for your vehicle.
Tire Load Range Chart
Below you will find all tire load ranges with corresponding maximum tire load capacity.
Metric and P-Metric Tire Load Range Chart
| Load Range | Description | Max Inflation |
|---|---|---|
| LL | Light Load | 36 psi |
| SL | Standard Load | 36 psi |
| RF or XL | Reinforced or Extra Load | 42 psi |
LT-Metric and Flotation Tire Load Range Chart
| Load Range | Ply Rating | Max Inflation (≤ 295mm / 11.5") | Max Inflation (> 295mm / 11.5") |
|---|---|---|---|
| B | 4 | 35 psi | 25 psi |
| C | 6 | 50 psi | 35 psi |
| D | 8 | 65 psi | 50 psi |
| E | 10 | 80 psi | 65 psi |
| F | 12 | 95 psi | 80 psi |
| G | 14 | 110 psi | 95 psi |
Tire Load Range LL
The term LL in tire load range stands for Light Load. Tires marked with LL are designed to carry lighter loads compared to standard load (SL) tires. They are typically found on certain passenger vehicles where the load requirements are lower than average. These tires often require less inflation pressure than higher load range tires.
Tire Load Range SL
Standard Load or SL tires are typically found on passenger cars, smaller SUVs, and light trucks. These tires are designed to operate at standard inflation pressures and are not meant for carrying heavy loads.
Tire Load Range XL
XL stands for Extra Load. Tires with this designation are constructed to carry more weight than standard load tires of the same size. This is achieved by reinforcing the tire's construction, often through additional or stronger layers known as plies.
Tire Load Range B
Load Range B is equivalent to a 4-ply rating in the old system, but the actual number of plies in the tire may not be four. These tires are generally rated for a maximum inflation pressure of 35 psi, and are suitable for certain light-duty applications like small trailers, some compact cars, and specific light trucks. They are not intended for heavy loads or high-stress applications like towing heavy trailers or carrying heavy cargo.
Tire Load Range C
Load Range C is equivalent to a 6-ply rating, but the actual number of plies in the tire may vary. These tires are generally rated for a maximum inflation pressure of 50 psi, and are commonly found on light-duty trailers, smaller RVs, and some light trucks. They are designed to provide a good balance between load-carrying capacity and ride comfort.
Tire Load Range D
Load Range D is equivalent to an 8-ply rating in the old system, but the actual number of plies in the tire may be different. These tires are generally rated for a maximum inflation pressure of 65 psi, and are commonly found on light trucks, SUVs, and trailers, where higher load carrying capacity is needed. They are particularly important for vehicles that are used for towing or carrying heavy loads.
Tire Load Range E
Load Range E is equivalent to a 10-ply rating, but this doesn't mean the tire actually has 10 physical plies. These tires are generally rated for a maximum inflation pressure of 80 psi, and are commonly used on vehicles that carry heavy cargo or tow trailers, such as full-size vans, pickup trucks, and larger SUVs. They are also found on commercial trucks and RVs.
Tire Load Range F
Load Range F is equivalent to a ply rating of 12. However, modern tires don't necessarily have 12 physical plies. These tires are generally rated for a maximum inflation pressure of 95 psi, and are commonly used in commercial and industrial settings, where vehicles frequently carry heavy loads or operate under strenuous conditions. They are found on larger trucks, trailers, and some RVs.
Tire Load Range G
Load Range G typically correlates to a ply rating of 14-ply. However, modern tires don't necessarily have this number of physical plies but are constructed to have equivalent strength. These tires are generally rated for a maximum inflation pressure of 110 psi, and are often found on vehicles that carry heavy loads, such as commercial trucks, heavy-duty pickups, buses, and some large recreational vehicles.
All listed guides, data and/or calculations are for informational purposes only. TireSizes.com does not warrant or make any representations regarding the accuracy of or the results of the use of this information.